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Feb. 7, 2023
How to write nationalities in English?
Are you interested in the question How are nationalities in English? This article provides a list of nationalities with their country/language, and the rules for writing in English.
Firstly, let’s see the meaning of nationality. Nationality shows anyone belonging to a specific country, either as they were born there, or they were naturalized. Nationality adjectives are also used to describe the things that come from a country, such as American music, Indian spices and Egyptian sweets.
Rules of composition
Adjectives which denote the origin of a person or his belonging to a country are usually formed from the name of that country + special suffixes. Here are the countries and nationalities examples of forming:
| Suffix | Examples of adjectives |
|---|---|
| -ish | Spain - Spanish Britain - British |
| -an | Korea - Korean Mexico - Mexican |
| -ian | Egypt - Egyptian Australia - Australian |
| -ese | Portugal - Portuguese China - Chinese |
| -i | Iraq - Iraqi Thailand - Thai |
It is also important to note that when referring to someone's nationality, it is considered more polite to use the full form of the word, rather than using a shortened version. For example, instead of saying "He's a Brit", it would be more appropriate to say "He's British".
Write it right
Names of countries, continents, names of nationalities and languages must always start with a capital letter, because they are proper nouns. For example: Australia, Australian, an Australian, the Australians and the language is English.
In the table below you’ll see a list of the countries, nationalities list, and languages spoken there. Keep this list and check yourself so you don't use its names wrong.
| Country | Nationality (Adjective) | Nationality (Noun) | Official language |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Afghanistan |
Afghan |
an Afghan |
Dari (Persian) - Pashto |
|
Argentina |
Argentine |
an Argentine |
Spanish |
|
Australia |
Australian |
an Australian |
English |
|
Austria |
Austrian |
an Austrian |
German |
|
Bangladesh |
Bangladeshi |
a Bangladeshi |
Bengali |
|
Belgium |
Belgian |
a Belgian |
French / Flemish |
|
Botswana |
Botswana |
a Motswana / a Botswanan |
English / Setswana |
|
Brazil |
Brazilian |
a Brazilian |
Portuguese |
|
Bulgaria |
Bulgarian |
a Bulgarian |
Bulgarian |
|
Cameroon |
Cameroonian |
a Cameroonian |
French / English |
|
Canada |
Canadian |
a Canadian |
English / French |
|
Chile |
Chilean |
a Chilean |
Spanish |
|
China |
Chinese |
a Chinese person |
Chinese |
|
Colombia |
Colombian |
a Colombian |
Spanish |
|
Costa Rica |
Costa Rican |
a Costa Rican |
Spanish |
|
Croatia |
Croatian |
a Croat |
Croatian |
|
Czech Republic |
Czech |
a Czech person |
Czech |
|
Denmark |
Danish |
a Dane |
Danish |
|
Dominican Republic |
Dominican |
a Dominican |
Spanish |
|
Egypt |
Egyptian |
an Egyptian |
Arabic |
|
England |
English |
an Englishman / Englishwoman |
English |
|
Estonia |
Estonian |
an Estonian |
Estonian |
|
Fiji |
Fijian |
a Fijian |
English / Fijian |
|
Finland |
Finnish |
a Finn |
Finnish |
|
France |
French |
a Frenchman / Frenchwoman |
French |
|
Georgia |
Georgian |
a Georgian |
Georgian |
|
Germany |
German |
a German |
German |
|
Greece |
Greek |
a Greek |
Greek |
|
Grenada |
Grenadian |
a Grenadian |
English |
|
Guatemala |
Guatemalan |
a Guatemalan |
Spanish |
|
Haiti |
Haitian |
a Haitian |
French / Creole |
|
Hungary |
Hungarian |
a Hungarian |
Hungarian |
|
Iceland |
Icelandic |
an Icelander |
Icelandic |
|
India |
Indian |
an Indian |
Hindi / English |
|
Iran |
Iranian |
an Iranian |
Persian |
|
Iraq |
Iraqi |
an Iraqi |
Arabic / Kurdish |
|
Ireland |
Irish |
an Irishman / Irishwoman |
Irish / English |
|
Israel |
Israeli |
an Israeli |
Hebrew |
|
Italy |
Italian |
an Italian |
Italian |
|
Jamaica |
Jamaican |
a Jamaican |
English |
|
Japan |
Japanese |
a Japanese person |
Japanese |
|
Kenya |
Kenyan |
a Kenyan |
Swahili |
|
Kuwait |
Kuwaiti |
a Kuwaiti |
Arabic |
|
Latvia |
Latvian |
a Latvian |
Latvian |
|
Lebanon |
Lebanese |
a Lebanese |
Arabic |
|
Luxembourg |
Luxembourg |
a Luxembourger |
Luxembourgish / German |
|
Mexico |
Mexican |
a Mexican |
Spanish |
|
Montenegro |
Montenegrin |
a Montenegrin |
Montenegrin |
|
Morocco |
Moroccan |
a Moroccan |
Arabic / French |
|
Nepal |
Nepalese |
a Nepalese |
Nepali |
|
Netherlands |
Dutch |
a Dutchman / Dutchwoman |
Dutch |
|
New Zealand |
New Zealand |
a New Zealander |
English / Maori |
|
Norway |
Norwegian |
a Norwegian |
Norwegian |
|
Panama |
Panamanian |
a Panamanian |
Spanish |
|
Philippines |
Philippine |
a Filipino |
Tagalog / Filipino |
|
Poland |
Polish |
a Pole |
Polish |
|
Portugal |
Portuguese |
a Portuguese person |
Portuguese |
|
Romania |
Romanian |
a Romanian |
Romanian |
|
Russia |
Russian |
a Russian |
Russian |
|
Scotland |
Scottish |
a Scot |
English |
|
Serbia |
Serbian |
a Serbian |
Serbian |
|
Singapore |
Singaporean |
a Singaporean |
English / Malay / Mandarin / Tamil |
|
Sweden |
Swedish |
a Swede |
Swedish |
|
Switzerland |
Swiss |
a Swiss person |
German / French / Italian / Romansh |
|
Taiwan |
Taiwanese |
a Taiwanese person |
Chinese |
|
Thailand |
Thai |
a Thai person |
Thai |
|
Turkey |
Turkish |
a Turk |
Turkish |
|
Ukraine |
Ukrainian |
a Ukrainian |
Ukrainian |
|
United Arab Emirates |
Emirati |
an Emirati |
Arabic |
|
Vietnam |
Vietnamese |
a Vietnamese person |
Vietnamese |
|
(The) United Kingdom |
British |
a Brit |
English |
|
(The) United States |
American |
an American |
English |
In this article, we have not given a complete list of all countries, their nationalities in English and other demonyms. The primary idea is to show you the main and most used names of countries and their nationalities. You also can use an English learning app to learn it.
Understanding nationalities in English is important for communication and it also helps to understand different cultures and backgrounds. It is important to use the correct form and spelling when referring to someone's nationality and to be aware of any variations or exceptions. It is also important to remember that nationalities are used as adjectives and usually come before the noun they are describing.
Now you know the rules of forming nationality words in English. Subscribe to our social media to learn more about English grammar and curious expressions!
